How to control oily skin? Prevention and Treatments

Oily skin is primarily caused by overactive sebaceous glands that produce excessive sebum, a natural oil that helps protect and hydrate the skin. Oily skin often contributes to clogged pores, which can lead to the development of inflammatory acne. Several factors can contribute to this overproduction of sebum, including:

1. 1. Genetics: if oily skin runs in your family, you’re more likely to experience it.

2. 2. Hormonal Changes: hormones play a significant role in oil production. During puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause, hormonal fluctuations can increase sebum production.

3. 3. Diet: consuming a diet high in refined carbohydrates and sugars can lead to increased sebum production.

4. 4. Climate: humid and hot weather can stimulate your skin to produce more oil.

5. 5. Skin Care Products: using the wrong skin care products, especially those that are too harsh or that strip your skin of its natural oils, can cause your skin to overcompensate by producing more oil.

While excess oil can be problematic, it’s important to remember that sebum plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health. Its primary functions include:

• Moisturisation: sebum helps to keep the skin hydrated by forming a protective barrier that reduces water loss. This barrier prevents the skin from becoming dry and cracked.

• Protection: the oily layer created by sebum acts as a physical barrier against environmental pollutants, bacteria, and other harmful substances. It helps to reduce the risk of infections and skin damage.

• Antioxidant Properties: sebum contains antioxidants such as vitamin E, which help protect the skin from oxidative stress and free radical damage.

• Antimicrobial Activity: sebum has antimicrobial properties that help to control the growth of certain bacteria and fungi on the skin, contributing to a balanced skin microbiome and reducing the likelihood of infections.

• Transporting Nutrients: sebum carries essential nutrients, such as fatty acids, to the surface of the skin. These nutrients are vital for maintaining skin health and supporting its natural repair processes.

• Temperature Regulation: the oily layer provided by sebum can also play a minor role in temperature regulation by providing insulation and reducing the rate of heat loss from the skin.

Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid (BHA) that can penetrate pores and dissolve excess oil and dead skin cells. It’s an excellent ingredient for preventing and treating breakouts in oily skin.

Niacinamide, also known as vitamin B3, has been shown to help regulate sebum production and improve the overall appearance of pores. It also has anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce redness associated with acne.

Clay masks can be particularly beneficial for greasy skin. They help to absorb excess oil and draw out impurities from the pores. Use a clay mask once or twice a week for best results.

Hyaluronic acid is a humectant that can hold up to 1000 times its weight in water. It provides hydration without adding oil, making it an excellent ingredient for oily skin types.

Chemical peels can be an effective treatment for greasy skin. They work by exfoliating the top layer of skin, unclogging pores, and promoting cell turnover. Peels containing salicylic acid or glycolic acid are particularly beneficial for oily skin types.

Certain laser treatments can help reduce sebum production by targeting the sebaceous glands. These treatments can be particularly helpful for those with severe oily skin that doesn’t respond well to topical treatments alone.

If you’re struggling to control your oily skin despite following a consistent skincare routine, it may be time to consult a dermatologist. They can provide personalised advice and may recommend prescription treatments if necessary.